Converts the input string to uppercase characters. Note that Firebolt uses the POSIX locale, therefore upper only converts the ASCII characters “a” through “z” to uppercase. Non-ASCII characters remain unchanged.

​
Syntax

UPPER(<expression>)

​
Parameters

ParameterDescriptionSupported input types
<expression>The string to be converted to uppercase characters.TEXT

​
Return Type

TEXT

​
Example

The following example converts a game player’s username from lowercase to uppercase characters:

SELECT
	UPPER('esimpson') as username

Returns: ESIMPSON

Because Firebolt uses the POSIX locale, non-ASCII characters are not uppercased:

SELECT UPPER('München')

Returns: MüNCHEN